Say to the student: "Look at these letters. Can you tell me the sound each letter makes?"Be sure to ask if he or she knows of another sound for the letters g (g=/g/ for gas, g=/j/ for cage) and c (c=/k/ for cap, c=/s/ for face).

If the sound given is correct, tap once (green).
If the student gives another sound, tap twice (orange), and optionally note the sound the student gives.
If no sound is given, tap three times (red).

If the student cannot say the sound for three or more consecutive letters, say: Look at all of the letters and tell me which sounds you do know.

Ask the student: Can you tell me the sounds of each letter? If the student names the letter, count it as the long vowel sound. Then ask: Can you tell me another sound for the letter? The student should name the short vowel sound.

For Parts E through K students must read both real and pseudowords (made-up words).

For the real word lines, tell the student: "I want you to read each line of words aloud."

If the student cannot read two or more of the real words in each line, do not administer the line of pseudowords; go to the next set of items.

Before asking the student to read the line of pseudowords, say: "Now I want you to read some made-up words." Do not try to make them sound like real words.

When using this assessment as a specific skills test or screening measure, do not discontinue testing if a student does not do well on one of the items in Parts F through K. Instead, move to the next item and continue testing.

To administer, say to the student: I want you to read aloud down the first column of words. Each of the real words in this column has two syllables. Point to the first column.

If the student can read at least five out of eight of the words in this column, point to the second column and say:Now want you to read aloud the next column of words.

If the student can read at least five of the words in the second column, point to the third column and say: Now I want you to read some made-up words. Do not try to make them sound like real words.